Kua puta ake ngā taiaho hei taputapu matua i roto i ngā momo rāngai, inā koa i roto i te haumarutanga me te tirotiro. Nā te tika, te ngāwari ki te whakahaere, me te maha o ngā whakamahinga, he mea nui ēnei hei tiaki i ō tātou hapori me ngā hanganga.
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka rukuhia e mātou ngā momo whakamahinga o te hangarau taiaho i roto i ngā ao o te haumarutanga, te tiaki, te aroturuki, me te ārai ahi. Ko te whāinga o tēnei matapakinga he whakarato i tētahi māramatanga whānui mō te tūranga o ngā taiaho i roto i ngā pūnaha haumarutanga hou, me te tuku tirohanga ki ō rātou whakamahinga o nāianei me ngā whanaketanga pea ā muri ake nei.
Ngā Whakamahinga Taiaho i roto i ngā Take Haumarutanga me te Parepare
Ngā Pūnaha Kitenga Urupare
Ka matawaihia e ēnei matawai taiaho kore-pā ngā taiao i roto i ngā āhua e rua, ka kitea te nekehanga mā te ine i te wā e pau ana kia whakaatahia e te hihi taiaho pāorooro ki tōna pūtake. Ka hangaia e tēnei hangarau he mahere āhua o te rohe, ka taea ai e te pūnaha te kite i ngā mea hou i roto i tana tirohanga mā roto i ngā huringa o te taiao kua whakaritea. Mā tēnei ka taea te aromatawai i te rahi, te āhua, me te ahunga o ngā ūnga e neke ana, ka tukuna he whakaoho ina hiahiatia. (Hosmer, 2004).
⏩ Te rangitaki e pā ana:Pūnaha Kite Urupare Reiti Hou: He Arataki Maamaa ki te Haumarutanga
Ngā Pūnaha Tirotiro
I roto i te tirotiro ataata, ka āwhina te hangarau taiaho ki te aroturuki i te tirohanga pō. Hei tauira, ka taea e te whakaahua tata-infrared-āputa taiaho te pehi i te marara o te mārama, ka whakanui ake i te tawhiti tirotiro o ngā pūnaha whakaahua hiko i roto i ngā āhuatanga huarere kino, i te ao me te pō. Ka whakahaerehia e ngā pātene mahi o waho o te pūnaha te tawhiti kuaha, te whānui o te hihi, me te whakaahua mārama, ka whakapai ake i te whānuitanga tirotiro. (Wang, 2016).
Te Aroturukitanga o te Waka
He mea nui ngā pū tere taiaho ki te aroturuki i ngā waka, mā te whakamahi i te hangarau taiaho hei ine i te tere o ngā waka. E paingia ana ēnei taputapu e ngā pirihimana nā te mea he tika, he kaha hoki ki te aro ki ngā waka takitahi i roto i ngā waka kikī.
Te Aroturukitanga o te Wāhi Tūmatanui
He mea nui anō hoki te hangarau taiaho ki te whakahaere me te aroturuki i ngā mano tini i ngā wāhi tūmatanui. Ka tirotirohia e ngā matawai taiaho me ngā hangarau e pā ana ngā nekehanga o te mano tini, ka whakarei ake i te haumaru o te marea.
Ngā Taupānga Kimi Ahi
I roto i ngā pūnaha whakatūpato ahi, he mahi nui tā ngā pūoko taiaho ki te kimi wawe i ngā ahi, mā te tautuhi wawe i ngā tohu ahi, pērā i te paoa, i ngā huringa pāmahana rānei, kia tere ai te whakaoho i ngā whakaoho i te wā tika. Heoi anō, he mea tino nui te hangarau taiaho ki te aroturuki me te kohikohi raraunga i ngā wāhi ahi, e whakarato ana i ngā mōhiohio nui mō te whakahaere ahi.
Taupānga Motuhake: Ngā UAV me te Hangarau Taiaho
Kei te tipu haere te whakamahinga o ngā Waka Rererangi Kore Tangata (UAV) i roto i te haumarutanga, ā, kua tino whakarei ake te hangarau taiaho i ō rātou āheinga aroturuki me te haumarutanga. Ko ēnei pūnaha, e hangai ana ki ngā Avalanche Photodiode (APD) Focal Plane Arrays (FPA) o te whakatupuranga hou, me te whakakotahitanga ki te tukatuka whakaahua mahi-teitei, kua tino whakapai ake i te mahi tirotiro.
Ngā Taiaho Kakariki me kōwae kimi awhei roto i te Tiaki
I roto i ngā momo momo taiaho,ngā taiaho rama matomato, e mahi ana i te whānuitanga o te 520 ki te 540 nanometer, he mea rongonui mō tō rātou tirohanga teitei me te tika. He tino whai hua ēnei taiaho i roto i ngā tono e hiahia ana kia tohua tika, kia tirohia rānei. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā kōwae whānuitanga taiaho, e whakamahi ana i te horapa raina me te tika teitei o ngā taiaho, ka ine i ngā tawhiti mā te tatau i te wā e pau ana mō te hihi taiaho ki te haere mai i te kaituku ki te whakaata me te hoki. He mea nui tēnei hangarau i roto i ngā pūnaha ine me te tūnga.
Te Whanaketanga o te Hangarau Reera i roto i te Haumarutanga
Mai i tōna hanganga i waenganui o te rautau 20, kua tino whanake te hangarau taiaho. I te tīmatanga he taputapu whakamātautau pūtaiao, kua noho hei mea nui ngā taiaho ki ngā momo mara, tae atu ki te ahumahi, te rongoā, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te haumarutanga. I roto i te ao haumarutanga, kua whanake ngā tono taiaho mai i ngā pūnaha aroturuki me te whakaoho taketake ki ngā pūnaha matatau, maha-mahi. Kei roto i ēnei ko te kimi urutomo, te tirotiro ataata, te aroturuki waka, me ngā pūnaha whakatūpato ahi.
Ngā Auahatanga ā-Māui i roto i te Hangarau Taiaho
Tērā pea ka kitea ngā auahatanga hou i te heke mai o te hangarau taiaho i roto i te haumarutanga, inā koa me te whakaurunga o te matauranga horihori (AI). Mā ngā rauropi AI e tātari ana i ngā raraunga matawai taiaho ka taea te tautuhi me te matapae i ngā tūmomo riri haumarutanga kia tika ake, kia pai ake ai te whai huatanga me te wā urupare o ngā pūnaha haumarutanga. Heoi anō, i te whanaketanga o te hangarau Ipurangi o ngā Mea (IoT), ko te whakakotahitanga o te hangarau taiaho me ngā taputapu hono-whatunga ka arahi pea ki ngā pūnaha haumarutanga atamai ake, aunoa ake hoki e taea ai te aroturuki me te urupare i te wā tūturu.
E tūmanakohia ana mā ēnei mahi auaha e whakapai ake i te mahi a ngā pūnaha haumarutanga, engari ka whakarerekē anō hoki i tā tātou huarahi ki te haumaru me te tirotiro, kia mōhio ake ai, kia whai hua ai, kia ngāwari ake ai hoki te urutau. I te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ka whānui ake te whakamahinga o ngā taiaho i roto i te haumarutanga, ka whakarato i ngā taiao haumaru ake, pono ake hoki.
Ngā Tohutoro
- Hosmer, P. (2004). Te whakamahinga o te hangarau matawai taiaho mō te tiakitanga ā-rohe. Ngā Whakataunga o te Huihuinga ā-Ao 37 o Carnahan mō te Hangarau Haumarutanga i te tau 2003. DOI
- Wang, S., Qiu, S., Jin, W., & Wu, S. (2016). Te Hoahoa o tētahi Pūnaha Tukatuka Ataata Wā-tūturu Iti-Pūrua-Rāhi-Rā. ICMMITA-16. DOI
- Hespel, L., Rivière, N., Fracès, M., Dupouy, P., Coyac, A., Barillot, P., Fauquex, S., Plyer, A., Tauvy,
- M., Jacquart, M., Vin, I., Nascimben, E., Perez, C., Velayguet, JP, & Gorce, D. (2017). Whakaahua rēseri mura 2D me te 3D mō te tirotiro tawhiti i roto i te haumarutanga rohe moana: te kimi me te tautuhi mō ngā tono UAS whakahē. Ngā Mahi a SPIE - Te Rōpū Ao mō te Hangarau Whatu. DOI
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